{"id":4998,"date":"2025-05-06T13:00:20","date_gmt":"2025-05-06T06:00:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mayxaydunghanoi.com\/?p=4998"},"modified":"2025-12-13T03:18:21","modified_gmt":"2025-12-12T20:18:21","slug":"cach-chon-cau-lop-phu-hop-voi-chieu-cao-thi-cong-han-che","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mayxaydunghanoi.com\/vi\/cach-chon-cau-lop-phu-hop-voi-chieu-cao-thi-cong-han-che\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea9u l\u1ed1p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi chi\u1ec1u cao thi c\u00f4ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u01b0 v\u1ea5n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn xe c\u1ea9u l\u1ed1p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u cao h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, t\u1eeb c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng gian v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh an to\u00e0n.<\/h2>\n

Trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh thi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e0 x\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u1ea7m ng\u1ea7m ho\u1eb7c khu d\u00e2n c\u01b0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n, chi\u1ec1u cao h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 g\u00e2y c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf cho vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e2ng h\u1ea1. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng xe c\u1ea9u b\u00e1nh l\u1ed1p<\/a> \u2013 lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea9u linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng thi c\u00f4ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1i \u0111a, k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn chi\u1ec1u cao v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n c\u1ea9u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n chi\u1ec1u cao c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea9u l\u1ed1p<\/h3>\n

M\u1ed9t sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea9u l\u1ed1p l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u00fang kh\u00f4ng gian v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u cao cho ph\u00e9p. Trong khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u cao h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nh\u01b0 t\u1ea7ng h\u1ea7m, khu v\u1ef1c n\u1ed9i \u0111\u00f4, ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e0 x\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00e1i th\u1ea5p, vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea9u c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n d\u00e0i, t\u1ea7m n\u00e2ng l\u1edbn s\u1ebd g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong thao t\u00e1c, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed nguy hi\u1ec3m n\u1ebfu va ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1edbi. V\u00ec v\u1eady, b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea9u l\u1ed1p l\u00e0 \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c chi\u1ec1u cao tr\u1ea7n, chi\u1ec1u cao kh\u00f4ng gian thi c\u00f4ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ea7n n\u00e2ng.<\/p>\n

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c \u0111o chi\u1ec1u cao, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t chi ti\u1ebft to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng gian xung quanh khu v\u1ef1c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c thi c\u00f4ng. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u1ea9u l\u1ed1p kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf khi di chuy\u1ec3n, xoay tr\u1edf ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eb7t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ea7n n\u00e2ng.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i tr\u00ean cao nh\u01b0 c\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e8n, d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n, d\u1ea7m b\u00ea t\u00f4ng, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng PCCC. Nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y tuy nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn an to\u00e0n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh n\u1ebfu l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn sai lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e2ng.<\/p>\n

\u01afu ti\u00ean c\u1ea9u l\u1ed1p c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n d\u1ea1ng g\u1ea5p kh\u00fac, c\u1ea7n l\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea7n r\u00fat ng\u1eafn<\/h3>\n

Trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng thi c\u00f4ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf chi\u1ec1u cao, c\u1ea9u l\u1ed1p c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ea7n g\u1ea5p kh\u00fac (knuckle boom) ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea7n l\u1ed3ng (telescopic boom) c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng r\u00fat g\u1ecdn chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1i \u01b0u. C\u00e1c d\u00f2ng c\u1ea9u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh linh ho\u1ea1t trong kh\u00f4ng gian h\u1eb9p, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n n\u00e2ng c\u1ea7n cao ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro va ch\u1ea1m.<\/p>\n

Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u1eadp c\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c r\u00fat ng\u1eafn c\u1ea7n gi\u00fap thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tr\u00e1nh va \u0111\u1eadp v\u1edbi tr\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 thao t\u00e1c n\u00e2ng h\u1ea1 \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c ch\u1eadt h\u1eb9p. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng c\u1ea9u c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n l\u1ed3ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ed1t t\u1ea7m v\u1edbi theo t\u1eebng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 model xe c\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh g\u00f3c m\u1edf c\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh “n\u00e2ng th\u1ea5p – v\u01b0\u01a1n xa” (low angle reach), r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch khi c\u1ea7n lu\u1ed3n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0o c\u00e1c khe h\u1eb9p, \u00f4 c\u1eeda th\u1ea5p trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 Kato, Tadano, XCMG, Zoomlion \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec1u d\u00f2ng c\u1ea9u l\u1ed1p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi thi c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e0 x\u01b0\u1edfng, trong \u0111\u00f3 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt l\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh t\u1eeb 25 t\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ebfn 50 t\u1ea5n, v\u1edbi chi\u1ec1u cao n\u00e2ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u1eeb 7m \u0111\u1ebfn 25m.<\/p>\n

So s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u1ea9u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u1ea7n th\u1ea5p<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea9u<\/th>\nC\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n<\/th>\nChi\u1ec1u cao t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/th>\nT\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt<\/th>\n\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
C\u1ea9u l\u1ed1p c\u1ea7n r\u00fat<\/td>\nTelescopic boom<\/td>\n3,5\u20134m<\/td>\nR\u00fat ng\u1eafn c\u1ea7n, n\u00e2ng th\u1ea5p<\/td>\nNh\u00e0 x\u01b0\u1edfng, t\u1ea7ng h\u1ea7m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u1ea9u l\u1ed1p c\u1ea7n g\u1ea5p<\/td>\nKnuckle boom<\/td>\n3m<\/td>\nG\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00f3c nh\u1ecf<\/td>\nKhu d\u00e2n c\u01b0, n\u1ed9i \u0111\u00f4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u1ea9u mini<\/td>\nC\u1ea7n 2 kh\u00fac<\/td>\n2\u20132,5m<\/td>\nG\u1ecdn nh\u1eb9, d\u1ec5 lu\u1ed3n l\u00e1ch<\/td>\nH\u1ebbm nh\u1ecf, tr\u1ea1m \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o chi\u1ec1u cao thi c\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ea7n n\u00e2ng v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n n\u00e2ng. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, n\u1ebfu ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0o trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u00f3 c\u1eeda cu\u1ed1n th\u1ea5p, c\u1ea9u c\u1ea7n g\u1ea5p s\u1ebd gi\u00fap d\u1ec5 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh g\u00f3c thao t\u00e1c t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. C\u00f2n n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n n\u00e2ng l\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt trong t\u1ea7ng h\u1ea7m, c\u1ea9u mini l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

T\u01b0 v\u1ea5n ch\u1ecdn t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 b\u00e1n k\u00ednh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/h3>\n

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh chi\u1ec1u cao, t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng n\u00e2ng v\u00e0 b\u00e1n k\u00ednh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0 hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea9u l\u1ed1p. V\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng gian thi c\u00f4ng th\u1ea5p, vi\u1ec7c v\u01b0\u01a1n c\u1ea7n ra xa c\u0169ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea7n \u01b0u ti\u00ean nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng c\u1ea9u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00e2ng n\u1eb7ng trong ph\u1ea1m vi g\u1ea7n (b\u00e1n k\u00ednh < 5m).<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n khi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ho\u1eb7c thu\u00ea thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. C\u00e1c c\u1ea9u qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft s\u1ebd g\u00e2y l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed, trong khi n\u1ebfu ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c n\u00e2ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nguy c\u01a1 l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3i v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n n\u00e2ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng 2\u20135 t\u1ea5n trong ph\u1ea1m vi d\u01b0\u1edbi 10m, c\u1ea9u l\u1ed1p lo\u1ea1i 25 t\u1ea5n v\u1edbi c\u1ea7n r\u00fat ng\u1eafn s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng t\u1ed1t. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea3i n\u00e2ng cao ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n trong g\u00f3c h\u1eb9p, n\u00ean ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea9u g\u1ea5p v\u1edbi g\u00f3c xoay nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea9u v\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf qu\u00e1 xa, v\u00ec k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn th\u00ec c\u00e0ng kh\u00f3 xoay tr\u1edf trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng thi c\u00f4ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0u \u00fd an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/h3>\n